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                                      糖尿病人之飲食調養

                                       李應紹博士

 

       糖尿病主要維持正常血糖及血脂肪。所以首先要控制卡路里,減重及多運動。飲食方面應定時定量,

少量多餐,均衡飲食,高纖維(可減少昇糖指數),清淡(避免油煎,炒,炸及調味品)及少吃高脂肪食物,

甜點及飲料等。

       糖尿病人必須注意及善用的「食物昇糖指數」及「食物代換」表:-

(1)食物昇糖指數表:

                                                                                 昇糖指數

五轂                                     白麵包                            100

                                             白米                                  83

                                             麥片                                  85

 

蔬菜                                     馬鈴薯                            135

                                                山藥                               74

                                                豌豆                               74

                                                地瓜                               70

 

水果                                      葡萄干                             93

                                                香蕉                               79

                                                柳丁                               66

                                                蘋果                               53

                                                                                   47

                                                                                   40

                                              葡萄抽                             36

 

奶製品                                  冰淇淋                             52

                                                乳酪                               52

                                              全脂奶                             49

                                              脫脂奶                             46

 

甜味劑                                 麥芽糖                            152

                                             葡萄糖                            138

                                               蜂蜜                              126

                                                蔗糖                               86

                                                果糖                               30

 

(2)   食物代換表:

一份主食(五轂類)  =  1/4碗飯或饅頭

                                 = 1/2碗稀飯或麵條,米粉

                                 = 1片土司或麵包

                                 = 3片餅干

                                 = 1/4碗地瓜或馬鈴薯,芋頭,紅豆,綠豆

 

一份肉類                 = 1両瘦肉或魚,雞,鴨,豬,牛,蝦,蟹

                                 = 1塊豆腐或2塊豆乾

                                 = 1個蛋

 

一份蔬菜                 = 1小碟綠葉菜或瓜,豆

 

一份水果                 = 1個柳丁或蘋果,石榴,加州李,水蜜桃,芒果,奇異果,揚桃,桃子

                                 = 5粒荔枝或13個葡萄,3粒蓮霧,6個枇杷

                                 = 1片西瓜或半個葡萄抽

 

一份油脂                 = 1茶匙沙拉油或奶油

                                 = 1片培根

                                 = 5粒腰果或5粒杏仁或10粒開心果

 

一份奶製品             = 1盒鮮奶(236cc)4湯匙全脂奶粉

 

(3)   糖尿病人每天飲食建議:

                               兒童/青少年                        成年                        孕婦

熱量                            1800                            1800                    1800

主食                                10                                12                          9

肉類                             7()                                6                          6

油脂                                  5                                 6                           8

蔬菜                             3()                               3                            3

水果                                   2                                2                           2

奶製品(低脂)                    2份                                1份                            2

 

        根據「食物代換表」選擇您喜愛的食物(最好是低昇糖指數食物)及份量(根據每天飲食建議表)

 

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