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【Heart Disease and Health】present common and professional knowledge on heart disease and health promotion, suitable for the general public, patients (to understand common knowledge 

  and professional notion) , and health professionals (to learn or review professional knowledge).

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                                                 MYOCARDITIS

                                                               Andrew Ying-Siu Lee, MD,PhD.

        Myocarditis may be caused by: infection, allergy, drugs, radiation, autoimmune diseases.  It can be acute

or chronic in onset, and may lead to dilated cardiomyopathy.

       The most common myocarditis is due to Coxsachie B viral infection, associated with upper respiratory

infection.  Bacterial myocarditis occurs infrequently, commonly caused by staphylococcus or enterococcus

complicated with infectious endocarditis.

       Common symptoms include: coryza, fever, sweating, weakness, poor appetite, dyspnea, palpitation,

chest discomfort.  Severe myocarditis may lead to electrocardiographic changes, heart failure, cardiac

arrhythmias, heart block, pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and even sudden cardiac death.

       Therapy of myocarditis is supportive, with bed rest and symptomatic treatment.  Severe myocarditis may

need antifailure treatment, antiarrhythmic agents, steroids, azathioprine, and invasive interventions.

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